Chloramination is the treatment of drinking water with a chloramine disinfectant. As chloramines are more stable and last longer in water than chlorine, monochloramine is now used mostly as a secondary disinfectant because it provides more effective residual disinfection in the distribution system than chlorination alone.It is used especially where disinfection by-product formation in the distribution system is exceedingly high if free chlorine is used […]

Chlorine dioxide is a chemical compound with the formula ClO2. This yellowish-green gas crystallizes as bright orange crystals at −59 °C. As one of several oxides of chlorine, it is a potent and useful oxidizing agent used in water treatment and in bleachingThe use of chlorine dioxide for pre-disinfection and oxidation of drinking water has increased significantly over the past 20 years. Chlorine dioxide is […]

Calcium hypochlorite (Ca(OCl)2) is essentially a solid that is used in place of liquid NaOCl.As a mixture with lime and calcium chloride, Calcium Hypochlrite is marketed as chlorine powder or bleach powder for water treatment and as a bleaching agent. In addition to water treatment, Calcium hypochlorite is used in kitchens to disinfect surfaces and equipment. Other common uses include bathroom cleansers, household disinfectant sprays,  algaecides, herbicides, and laundry detergents.Calcium […]

Sodium hypochlorite is a chemical compound with the formula NaClO. It is composed of a sodium cation (Na+) and a hypochlorite anion (ClO−);  When dissolved in water sodium hypochlorite is commonly known as bleach or liquid bleach.  It is frequently used as a disinfectant or a bleaching agent. The mixture of sodium peroxide (Na2O2) and hydrochloric acid, which react to produce sodium hypochlorite. is also termed as oxone.

Chlorine gas is a chemical element with symbol Cl and atomic number 17 Chlorine is a yellow-green gas at room temperature. It is an extremely reactive element and a strong oxidising agent.Chlorine gas; advantages:Chlorine is a good bacterial disinfectant requiring short to moderate contact times. Its chemistry is very well understood having been used for disinfection for more than 200 years.In a […]